Introduction
Enhanced Methodology
Organization
Executive Summary
Growth in the BRIC Countries
Beyond BRIC: Other Emerging Territories on the Radar
Proliferation of Direct-To-Retail Deals
Continued Globalization of Properties, Products and Retailers Rise of Homegrown Licensing
Greater Variety of Properties Licensed
Digital: Changing Everything
More Uniformity of Strategy and Product Mix
Part I: Overview of International Licensing
Factors Impacting Global Licensing Strategies
Economy Defines Rates of Growth
Beyond the U.S. and Canada
Trends in International Licensing
BRIC Countries and Other Emerging Markets
A More Varied Licensing Landscape
Continued Globalization
Retail
Media
Rollout Schedules
Corporate Expasion
Strategies and Trends
Direct-To-Retail Licensing
The Digitization of Licensing
Overview of Licensing Activity by Property Type
Entertainment/Character Licensing
Fashion Licensing
Sports Licensing
Collegiate Licensing
Corporate Trademarks/Brands
Art Licensing
Celebrities Licensing
Estate Licensing
Music Licensing
Non-Profit Licensing
Publishing-Based Licensing
Toys and Games Licensing
Interactive Licensing
Overview of Licensing Activity by Product Category
Overall Demand for Products
Manufacturing and Location of Licensees
The Role of Licensing
Promotional Support
Part II: Factors Affecting the Licensing Business Environment
Licensing Environment
Population
Economic, Monetary and Political Factors
Income
Inflation and Exchange Rates
Retail and Net Pricing
Importation Versus Domestic Licensees
Political Factors
Legal Aspects
Infrastructure
Trade
Tariffs/Duties
Quotas and Restrictions
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
Regional Trade Agreements
Economic or Customs Unions
Export Licenses
Retail and Distribution
Dominant Retail Channels
Buying Structure
Retail Exclusives, Direct-To-Retail and Private Label
Promotions
Selling Seasons
Piracy, Counterfeiting and Infringement
Tastes and Cultural Norms
Language(s)
Property Types
Licensing Strategies and Tactics
New Opportunities for Properties Without Domestic Licensing(s)
Changing a Property to Fit a Market
Product Categories
Product Considerations and Specifications
Business Propriety
Media
Television
Film/Video
Print
Interactive Media and Gaming
Timing Issues
Advertising
Part III: Practical Considerations Affecting Licensing
Trademark, Intellectual Property and Other Laws
Options for Protecting Intellectual Property
Trademarks
Trademark Conflicts
Copyright Law
Other Intellectual Property Legislation
Counterfeiting and Enforcement
Grey Market Goods
Methods of Entering A New Market (Licensors)
In-House Control of the Licensing Program
Subsidiaries/Joint Ventures
Licensing Agents
Global, Regional or Local Licensees; Master or Category Licensees?
Methods of Entering a New Market (Licensees)
Exporting
Subsidiaries/Joint Ventures
Sublicensing
Defining the Property, Identifying Categories and Selecting Regions
Where to Launch
Adapting a Property
Developing a Strategy and Tactics
Payment and Contract
Agency Commissions
F.O.B. Pricing
Sublicensing
Tax Issues
Contracts
Trade Shows
Part IV: Licensing Trends in Key Markets
U.S. and Canada
United States
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Canada
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Europe
Western Europe
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
United Kingdom and Eire
UK
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Eire
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Germany, Austria and Switzerland
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Germany
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Austria
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Switzerland
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
France
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Italy
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Benelux
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Netherlands
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Belgium
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Luxembourg
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Scandinavia/Nordic Countries
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Sweden
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Denmark
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Norway
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Finland
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Iceland
Iberia
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Spain
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Portugal
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Greece and Turkey
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Greece
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Turkey
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Central and Eastern Europe
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Russia
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Poland
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Hungary
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Czech Republic
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Other Central and Eastern European Countries
Asia
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Japan
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Greater China
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Mainland China
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Taiwan
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Hong Kong
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Southeast Asia
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
South Korea
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Singapore
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Malaysia
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Thailand
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Indonesia
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Philippines
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
India
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Other Asian Markets
Australia and New Zealand
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Australia
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
New Zealand
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Latin America
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Brazil
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Mexico
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Argentina
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Chile
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Other Territories
Northern South America and Central America
Southern South America
Caribbean
Middle East and Africa
Middle East
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Israel
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Arab States
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Africa
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
South Africa
Media and Communications
Retailing and Distribution
Licensing Activity
Other African Territories
Part V: Case Studies
Burger King
Cherokee
Coca-Cola
Elvis Presley
Garfield
Jeep
Jim Shore
Monica's Gang (Turma da Mônica)
National Basketball Association
National Hockey League
Peanuts
Sesame Street
Tour de France
Part VI: Licensing Business Glossary
